Proper Nutrition
During pregnancy, a woman has to provide adequate nutrition for both herself and the baby she is carrying. Her diet must thus include a balanced mixture of carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals and plenty of fluids (water, fruit juice, milk). 
The popular phrase “eating for two” does not mean that a pregnant woman must double her food intake. She does, however, need from 1,99 to 2,800 calories a day, about 300 calories more than a woman who is not pregnant. Calories, proteins, vitamins and minerals are derived from the following food groups in varying amounts.
- Fruits and vegetables (complex carbohydrates, fiber, minerals and vitamins, particularly folic acid or Vitamin A)
- Fish, meat, nuts and seeds (protein, minerals and vitamins)
- Dairy products (calcium, protein and vitamins)
- Bread and cereals (complex carbohydrates, fiber, minerals and vitamins
- Fats and sweets are not recommended, as these provide many calories, but very few nutrients. Excessive salt must likewise be avoided, as it can cause fluid retention (edema) which, in turn, may result to swelling (especially in the feet) and discomfort.
Sports and workouts are ideal for toning the mother’s muscles, improving her and the baby’s oxygen supply and preventing constipation and hemorrhoids. Overdoing it is dangerous, however, especially in pregnant women. All forms of strenuous activity must be done in moderation, with sufficient rest afterwards.
General Health
Eating a balanced diet and keeping fit are of utmost importance in pregnancy, but these are not enough. An expectant mother must avoid things that may harm the baby, including:
- Smoking, which has been linked with low birth weight and many infant health problems. Smoking narrows blood vessels, decreasing the amount of oxygen that reaches the baby. It also increases the danger of miscarriage.
- Alcohol and drug abuse, which have been linked with low birth weight, as well as mental retardation and congenital defects.
- Taking medicine without first consulting the doctor.
Personal hygiene
Showering at least once a day is highly recommended for pregnant women, as they tend to sweat a lot.
Clothes
Growing breasts require larger brassieres that also provide better support. Bigger and more loose-fitting clothes that do not pinch at the waist and groin are much more comfortable and will accommodate a swelling abdomen. High-heeled shoes are not recommended.
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